Which ethical theory argues that moral laws are rooted in human reason?

The correct answer, Natural Law theory, is founded on the belief that moral laws are derived from the nature of human beings and their rational capabilities. This theory posits that there are inherent moral principles that can be discerned through human reason and are applicable to all people. Central to Natural Law is the idea that moral order is part of the natural world and can be discovered by rational thought, aligning ethical behavior with human nature and universal truths.

Natural Law theory has significant implications in fields such as law and ethics, as it suggests that laws should reflect these universal ethical standards. This theory emphasizes a connection between moral behavior and rational understanding, allowing individuals to deduce right from wrong based on reasoning about human nature and existence.

While the other choices suggest alternative sources or frameworks for ethical reasoning, they do not align with the concept of deriving moral laws specifically through human reason in the same way Natural Law does. By grounding morality in reason, Natural Law theory provides a structured approach to understanding ethics that prioritizes rationality and human experience over subjective or situational factors.